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Article
Do Heat Pumps Actually Cut Home Heating Emissions?
Heat pumps cut heating emissions almost everywhere, but the size of the gain depends on your grid. What the engineering studies actually measured.
Personal carbon footprints, with the error bars shown
Most consumer carbon advice ranks actions by how virtuous they feel. Life-cycle assessment ranks them by size, and the two orderings barely overlap.
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The health co-benefits of low-carbon choices
Low-carbon choices also cut air pollution, improve diets and get people moving. What the Lancet Countdown and the co-benefit reviews found.
The ordering problem
Recycling, turning off lights and avoiding plastic bags dominate the public conversation and are among the smallest levers available. Heating, flying, driving and diet dominate an actual household footprint. The gap between what people do and what matters is the single most useful thing this site can point at.
Ranking
Which changes are actually large?
Household footprint accounting puts heating, transport and diet far ahead of everything people usually think about.
Food
The food footprint
Dietary shift has real, measurable effects — and the variation within a food category can exceed the variation between categories.
Aviation
Flying and non-CO₂ effects
Contrails and other non-CO₂ effects roughly double aviation's warming impact, and most calculators ignore them.
Tools
Do carbon calculators work?
They have been evaluated. Their value is educational rather than accounting — the uncertainty is very large.
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